School Organizational Climate

1. Halpin & Croft

- Teacher behavior traits: hindrance / intimacy / disengagement / esprit
a. Hindrance: the degree to which teachers perceive the principal as someone who interferes with their work
b. Intimacy: the degree to which social needs are satisfied
c. Disengagement: the degree to which teachers fail to commit to assigned tasks and try to break away
d. Esprit: the degree to which teachers feel need-satisfaction and a sense of achievement in performing tasks
- Principal behavior traits
a. Aloofness: the degree of formality and strictness
b. Production emphasis: the degree of thoroughly directing and supervising work
c. Thrust: the degree of dynamic school management
d. Consideration: the degree to which the principal shows warm, kind behavior
1) Open climate: a lively, vibrant organizational climate with very high teacher esprit and principal thrust
2) Autonomous climate: a freedom-guaranteeing climate where the principal doesn't emphasize tasks and teachers freely perform their work on the basis of high esprit and intimacy, satisfying social needs
3) Controlled climate: a climate where the principal emphasizes tasks but teachers feel it as hindrance, intimacy among teachers is low so social-need satisfaction is impossible, and only task performance is emphasized
4) Familiar climate: a sociable climate where the principal is considerate but doesn't emphasize tasks, and teachers also pursue intimacy but aren't interested in work; task achievement for the organization's goals is somewhat lacking.
5) Paternal climate: an unsuitable climate where the principal emphasizes tasks but lacks fairness, and teachers are indifferent to work with low intimacy, achieving neither social-need satisfaction nor task accomplishment
6) Closed climate: a climate where the principal is aloof and unkind and excessively emphasizes only tasks, and teachers' morale is extremely low so they're indifferent to work — the most inefficient, undesirable climate

2. Hoy & Miskel climate

- Teacher behavior traits: collegial / intimate / disengaged
- Principal behavior traits: supportive / directive / restrictive
1) Open climate: both principal and teachers show openness, so teachers maintain high collegiality and intimacy and commit to tasks, while the principal respects teachers' suggestions and professionalism, with mutual trust formed
2) Engaged climate: teachers are open but the principal shows closedness. The principal exerts ineffective control and obstructs work, yet teachers perform highly professional work on the basis of high collegiality and intimacy
3) Disengaged climate: teachers are closed but the principal shows openness; the principal is very interested in and supportive of teachers, but teachers ignore the principal and aren't cooperative, with frequent discord among teachers
4) Closed climate: both teachers and principal show closedness, so both are indifferent to work, lack responsibility, and have no committed attitude.

#schoolorganizationalclimate #schoolclimate #HalpinCroft #HoyMiskel